WHAT?
Index of Industrial Production (IIP) is an index that indicates the performance of various industrial sectors of the Indian economy. It is a composite indicator of the general level of industrial activity in the economy which measures the volume of production that takes place in the country every month. Based on the performance measured every month, a general increase or decrease in the industrial activity can be measured. It is compiled and published monthly by the National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.
| Aspect |
Details |
| Published by |
National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics & PI |
| Base Year |
2011–12 (latest revision) |
| Frequency |
Monthly |
| Release Time |
12th of every month (data for two months prior) |
| Coverage |
Mining, Manufacturing, and Electricity |
It contains 407 items taken from 3 broad sectors like manufacturing, mining, and electricity. The industry sectors that it contains along with their respective weights are as follows
| Sector |
Weight |
| Manufacturing |
77.63% |
| Electricity |
7.99% |
| Mining |
14.38% |
The goods in IIP can be further categorized as (i) Primary goods, (ii) Capital goods, (iii) Infrastructure/ construction goods, (iv) Intermediate goods, (v) Consumer durables, and (vi) Consumer non-durables.
WHAT ARE CORE INDUSTRIES?
- Within IIP, 8 industries are classified as core industries since 1973 when Industrial policy resolution was adopted.
- These industries are coal, crude oil, natural gas, refinery products, fertilizers, steel, cement, and electricity.
- Weightage in IIP: The sectors are weighted in the ICI as follows (in decreasing order): Refinery Products (28.04%), Electricity (19.85%), Steel (17.92%), Coal (10.33%), Crude Oil (8.98%), Natural Gas (6.88%), Cement (5.37%), Fertilizers (2.63%).
| No. |
Industry |
Weight in ICI (%) |
| 1 |
Refinery Products |
28.04% |
| 2 |
Electricity |
19.85% |
| 3 |
Steel |
17.92% |
| 4 |
Coal |
10.33% |
| 5 |
Crude Oil |
8.98% |
| 6 |
Natural Gas |
6.88% |
| 7 |
Cement |
5.37% |
| 8 |
Fertilizers |
2.63% |
- They account for 40.27% of the weight in the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), making them a leading indicator of industrial and economic health.
- The Index of Eight Core Industries (ICI) is compiled monthly by the Office of the Economic Adviser (OEA), Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, using the base year 2011-12.
SIGNIFICANCE
- Economic Significance: These industries are the backbone of India’s industrial framework, influencing other sectors through forward and backward linkages. For example, steel and cement are vital for construction, while electricity powers industrial operations.
- Their performance reflects the economy’s overall trajectory.Multiplier Effect: Growth in these sectors boosts related industries, such as construction and manufacturing, while a decline can create ripple effects, hampering economic growth.
- It is used by government agencies including the Ministry of Finance, the Reserve Bank of India, etc, for policy-making purposes. IIP remains extremely relevant for the calculation of the quarterly and advance GDP (Gross Domestic Product) estimates.
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